Join Procedure

This section captures the power profile during the joining process with the network server, and also highlights the profile on the following modes:

Join request sent to network server
Join accept received in RX1 receive window
Join accept received in RX2 receive window

The following table provides the settings for profiling the join procedure.

Table 1. Settings for Profiling the Join Procedure
Attribute	Value
TX data rate	DR0 and DR5
RX1 data rate	Same as TX data rate
RX2 data rate	DR0
Join accept delay 1	5s
Join accept delay 2	6s
TX power⁽¹⁾	1 (default)
Note: 1.The TX power from the preceding table resembles the offset value from the TX power table as per the RP2-1.0.2 LoRaWAN® Regional Parameters. Calculate the equivalent TX power value at the radio level for the above offset value using the following equation: Figure 1. Equivalent TX Power Equivalent⁢⁢ TX⁢ Power⁢ = MAX⁢ EIRP⁢−2⁢ dB=16−2=14⁢ dBm Join accept delay 1 is the delay between the TX state and RX1 state Join accept delay 2 is the delay between the TX state and RX2 state

The following plots illustrate the transmission of the join request, reception of the join accept in the RX1 window and reception of the join accept in the RX2 at transmission data rates DR0 and DR5 followed by their respective zoomed-in plots with consumption values in each state.

Figure 2. Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX1 Event “With Period of Operation” at DR0

Figure 3. Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX1 Event “With Period of Operation” at DR5

Figure 4. Join Request Transmission “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 5. Join Request Transmission “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 6. Join Accept Reception in RX1 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 7. Join Accept Reception in RX1 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 8. Join Accept Delay 1 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 9. Join Accept Delay 1 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 10. Join Request Transmission and Reception of Join Accept in RX2 “With Period Of Operation” at DR0

Figure 11. Join Request Transmission and Reception of Join Accept In RX2 “With Period Of Operation” at DR5

Figure 12. Receive Window 1 Open Event “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 13. Receive Window 1 Open Event “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 14. Join Accept Delay 2 Event “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 15. Join Accept Delay 2 Event “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 16. Join Accept Reception in RX2 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 17. Join Accept Reception in RX2 “With Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 18. Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX1 Event “Without Period of Operation” at DR0

Figure 19. Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX1 Event “Without Period of Operation” at DR5

Figure 20. Join Request Transmission “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 21. Join Request Transmission “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 22. Join Accept Reception in RX1 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 23. Join Accept Reception in RX1 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 24. Join Accept Delay 1 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 25. Join Accept Delay 1 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 26. Join Request Transmission and Reception of Join Accept in RX2 “Without Period of Operation” at DR0

Figure 27. Join Request Transmission & Reception of Join Accept in RX2 “Without Period of Operation” DR5

Figure 28. Receive Window 1 Open Event “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 29. Receive Window 1 Open Event “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 30. Join Accept Delay 2 Event “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 31. Join Accept Delay 2 Event “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

Figure 32. Join Accept Reception in RX2 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR0

Figure 33. Join Accept Reception in RX2 “Without Period of Operation” Zoom in Plot at DR5

From the preceding plots, the total time taken to complete the transaction at different data rate scenarios is given in the following table.

Table 2. Total Time Taken to Complete the Transaction
Data Rate	Total Time Taken to Complete the Transaction		Units
Data Rate	Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX1 (Transaction Event 1)	Join Request Transmission and Join Accept in RX2 (Transaction Event 2)	Units
DR0	8.33	9.35	seconds
DR5	5.15	7.90	seconds

Notes: The MAC state sequence (inside MLS) during transaction event 1 and transaction event 2 are as follows:

Transaction event 1 – TX_OCCURING + BEFORE_RX1 + RX1_OPEN
Transaction event 2 – TX_OCCURING + BEFORE_RX1 + RX1_OPEN + BETWEEN_RX1_RX2 + RX2_OPEN

Table 3. Join Request Transmission Event (TX) – MAC STATE: TX_OCCURING
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration	1484	68.70	ms
Average current	34.81	32.02	mA
Peak current	37.80	38.02	mA
Total charge	51658.04	2199.78	mA×ms

Table 4. Join Accept Delay 1 – MAC STATE: BEFORE_RX1
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration	4973	4937	ms
Average current	1.487	1.548	mA
Peak current	1.638	1.621	mA
Total charge	7394.86	7642.48	mA×ms

Table 5. Join Accept Reception in RX1 Receive Window – MAC STATE: RX1_OPEN
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration (ms)	1878	134.2	ms
Average current (mA)	13.84	13.41	mA
Peak current (mA)	14.82	15.25	mA
Total charge (mA×ms)	25991.52	1799.63	mA×ms

Table 6. Join Accept Delay 2 – MAC STATE: BETWEEN_RX1_RX2
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration	717.9	949	ms
Average current	1.440	1.490	mA
Peak current	1.564	1.641	mA
Total charge	1033.78	1414.01	mA×ms

Table 7. Join Accept Reception in RX2 Receive Window – MAC STATE: RX2_OPEN
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration	1862	1862	ms
Average current	13.98	13.3	mA
Peak current	16.21	17.05	mA
Total charge	26030.8	24764.6	mA×ms

Table 8. Receive Window 1 Open When Reception of Join Accept in RX2 Window – MAC STATE: RX1_OPEN
Attribute	Measured Value		Units
Attribute	DR0	DR5	Units
Total duration	265.5	87.61	ms
Average current	13.87	13.55	mA
Peak current	15.21	17.40	mA
Total charge	3682.5	1187.12	mA×ms

The following table provides the time stamp reference for each join request sent and join accept received in RX1 and RX2 reception windows.

Note: Initiate multiple join requests to capture the reception of the join accept frame in each of the receive windows (RX1 and RX2). Disable the join accept 1 (RX1) window on the network server side to receive the join accept packet in the RX2 receive window in the WLR089 device.

Table 9. Join Request and Join Accept in RX1 Snippet
Packet N	Packet Type	Time Stamp		Source	Destination
Packet N	Packet Type	DR0	DR5	Source	Destination
Packet 1	Join request 1	12:56:23.457	12:34:43.860	End device (WLR089)	Network server
Packet 2	Join accept in RX1	12:56:32.788	12:34:49.005	Network server	End device (WLR089) – RX1

Table 10. Join Request and Join Accept in RX2 Snippet
Packet N	Packet Type	Time Stamp		Source	Destination
Packet N	Packet Type	DR0	DR5	Source	Destination
Packet 1	Join request 2	12:57:53.677	12:37:04.189	End device (WLR089)	Network server
Packet 2	Join accept in RX2	12:57:03.002	12:37:12.095	Network server	End device (WLR089) – RX2