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MPLAB® XC32 C/C++ Compiler User's Guide for PIC32C/SAM MCUs
Notice to Development Tools Customers
1 Preface
1.1 Conventions Used in This Guide
1.2 Recommended Reading
2 Compiler Overview
2.1 Device Support
2.2 Compiler Description and Documentation
2.3 Compiler and Other Development Tools
3 How To's
3.1 Installing the Compiler
3.2 Invoking the Compiler
3.3 Writing Source Code
3.4 Getting My Application To Do What I Want
3.5 Understanding the Compilation Process
3.6 Fixing Code That Does Not Work
4 IDE Integration
5 MPLAB X IDE and VS Code Option Equivalents
5.1 XC32 Global Options
5.2 XC32 Assembler Options
5.3 XC32 C Compiler Options
5.4 XC32 C++ Compiler Options
5.5 XC32 Linker Options
5.6 XC32 Library Archiver Options
5.7 XC32 Analysis Options
5.8 Options Page Features
6 Command-line Driver
6.1 Invoking the Compiler
6.2 The C Compilation Sequence
6.3 The C++ Compilation Sequence
6.4 Runtime Files
6.5 Compiler Output
6.6 Compiler Messages
6.7 Driver Option Descriptions
7 C Standard Issues
7.1 Divergence from the C99 Standard
7.2 Extensions to the C99 Standard
7.3 Implementation-Defined Behavior
8 Device-Related Features
8.1 Device Support
8.2 Device Header Files
8.3 Configuration Bit Access
8.4 Using SFRS From C Code
8.5 Tightly-Coupled Memories
8.6 Code Coverage
9 Supported Data Types and Variables
9.1 Identifiers
9.2 Data Representation
9.3 Integer Data Types
9.4 Floating-Point Data Types
9.5 Structures and Unions
9.6 Pointer Types
9.7 Complex Data Types
9.8 Constant Types and Formats
9.9 Standard Type Qualifiers
9.10 Compiler-Specific Qualifiers
9.11 Variable Attributes
10 Memory Allocation and Access
10.1 Address Spaces
10.2 Variables in Data Memory
10.3 Auto Variable Allocation and Access
10.4 Variables in Program Memory
10.5 Variables in Registers
10.6 Thread-local Storage
10.7 Dynamic Memory Allocation
11 Chip-Level Security and Arm® TrustZone® Technology
11.1 ARMv8-M Security Extensions
11.2 Linker Macros Controlling Memory Regions for TrustZone®
12 Floating-point Support
12.1 Floating-point Calling Conventions
13 Fixed-Point Arithmetic Support
13.1 Enabling Fixed-Point Arithmetic Support
13.2 Data Types
13.3 Fixed-point Library Functions
13.4 Operations on Fixed-Point Variables
13.5 Unsupported Features
14 Operators and Statements
14.1 Integral Promotion
14.2 Type References
14.3 Labels as Values
14.4 Conditional Operator Operands
14.5 Case Ranges
14.6 Has_builtin Operator
15 Register Usage
15.1 Register Usage
15.2 Register Conventions
16 Stack
16.1 Software Stack
16.2 Call Frame
16.3 Stack Smashing Protector (SSP) for Target Devices with an Arm Cortex Core
16.4 Stack Guidance
17 Functions
17.1 Writing Functions
17.2 Function Attributes and Specifiers
17.3 Allocation of Function Code
17.4 Changing the Default Function Allocation
17.5 Function Size Limits
17.6 Function Parameters
17.7 Function Return Values
17.8 Calling Functions
17.9 Inline Functions
18 Interrupts
18.1 Interrupt Operation
18.2 Writing an Interrupt Service Routine
18.3 Associating a Handler Function With an Exception
18.4 Exception Handlers
18.5 Interrupt Service Routine Context Switching
18.6 Latency
18.7 Enabling/Disabling Interrupts
18.8 ISR Considerations
19 Main, Runtime Start-up and Reset
19.1 The Main Function
19.2 Runtime Start-up Code
20 Libraries
20.1 Smart IO Routines
20.2 Picolibc Library
20.3 User-defined Libraries
20.4 Using Library Routines
21 Mixing C/C++ and Assembly Language
21.1 Mixing Assembly Language and C Variables and Functions
21.2 Using Inline Assembly Language
21.3 Predefined Macro
22 Optimizations
23 Preprocessing
23.1 Preprocessor Directives
23.2 C/C++ Language Comments
23.3 Pragma Directives
23.4 Predefined Macros
24 Linking Programs
24.1 Replacing Library Symbols
24.2 Linker-Defined Symbols
25 Implementation-Defined Behavior
25.1 Overview
25.2 Translation
25.3 Environment
25.4 Identifiers
25.5 Characters
25.6 Integers
25.7 Floating-Point
25.8 Arrays and Pointers
25.9 Hints
25.10 Structures, Unions, Enumerations, and Bit Fields
25.11 Qualifiers
25.12 Declarators
25.13 Statements
25.14 Pre-Processing Directives
25.15 Library Functions
25.16 Architecture
26 C++ Implementation-Defined Behavior
27 Built-in Functions
27.1 void __builtin_nop(void)
27.2 __builtin_bswap16 Built-in Function
27.3 __builtin_bswap32 Built-in Function
27.4 __builtin_bswap64 Built-in Function
27.5 __builtin_has_attribute Built-in Function
27.6 __builtin_software_breakpoint Built-in Function
27.7 ACLE Built-in Functions
28 Document Revision History
Microchip Information
Trademarks
Legal Notice
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