Block Diagram
The MCP73830/L is a compact Battery Charge Management Controller available in a 2 mm x 2 mm TDFN-6 package. Its simplicity makes it an excellent choice for space-constrained solutions, optimizing space while providing essential battery charging functionalities.
The block diagram in Figure illustrates a low-complexity, space-efficient application example that demonstrates the basic functionalities required by many battery-operated devices powered by a standard 5V USB. The MCP73830/L charges the battery and supplies voltage to the MCP16501/2 PMIC. Subsequently, the PMIC generates the necessary voltage rails and provides an interface to the MPU. Additionally, the PMIC offers power sequencing and voltage programmability, which allows for adjustments in response to various power-saving or performance-enhancing operating modes. It also monitors and controls incoming and outgoing voltage and current, as well as thermal limits during operation, and signals components to respond to any faulty conditions.
MCP73830/L has only one status indicator that can either be used to illuminate an LED or serve as an interface to a host microcontroller. However, depending on the application, this single indicator may often be inadequate for comprehensive interfacing with the MPU.
Charge termination refers to the process of stopping the charging of a battery once it has reached its full capacity. This is crucial to prevent overcharging, which can lead to battery damage, reduced lifespan, and potential safety hazards. The charge cycle is terminated when, during Constant Voltage mode, the average charge current diminishes below a predetermined threshold of fast charge current or when the internal timer has expired. Figure shows a typical charge profile of a Li-Ion battery for which the charge termination is set to 10% of the charge current. If the application must operate while the battery is being charged, careful attention must be paid to the load current of the battery/PMIC. If the battery's load exceeds the charge current of the MCP73830, the charge cycle will not terminate, resulting in a timer fault. Consequently, to fully charge the battery, additional steps such as removing and reinserting the battery or cycling the CE pin may be required.