34.3.1 Principle of Operation
Communication through the UPDI is based on standard UART communication, using a fixed frame format, and automatic baud rate detection for clock and data recovery. In addition to the data frame, there are several control frames which are important to the communication. The supported frame formats are presented in Figure 34-3.
- Data Frame
- Data frame consists of one Start bit (always low), eight data bits, one parity bit (even parity), and two Stop bits (always high). If the Start bit, parity bit, or Stop bits have an incorrect value, an error will be detected and signalized by the UPDI. The parity bit-check in the UPDI can be disabled by writing the PARD bit in UPDI.CTRLA, in which case the parity generation from the debugger can be ignored.
- IDLE Frame
- Special frame that consists of 12 high bits. This is the same as keeping the transmission line in an Idle state.
- BREAK
- Special frame that consists of 12 low bits. The BREAK frame is used to reset the UPDI back to its default state and is typically used for error recovery.
- SYNCH
- The SYNCH frame (0x55) is used by the Baud Rate Generator to set the baud rate for the coming transmission. A SYNCH character is always expected by the UPDI in front of every new instruction, and after a successful BREAK has been transmitted.
- ACK
- The Acknowledge (ACK) character is transmitted from the UPDI whenever an ST or STS instruction has successfully crossed the synchronization boundary and have gained bus access. When an ACK is received by the debugger, the next transmission can start.