1.2.5 Using Set Operations

All operations that are performed on a single bit of information, for example, an input pin, a register, or an output pin, may be applied to multiple bits of information grouped into sets. Set operations can be performed between a set and a variable or expression, or between two sets.

The result of an operation between a set and a single variable (or expression) is a new set in which the operation is performed between each element of the set and the variable (or expression).

When an operation is performed on two sets, the sets must be the same size (that is, contain the same number of elements). The result of an operation between two sets is a new set in which the operation is performed between elements of each set.

When numbers are used in set operations, they are treated as sets of binary digits. A single octal number represents a set of three binary digits, and a single decimal or hexadecimal number represents a set of four binary digits.