15.11 Examples of Baud Rate Setting

For standard crystal and resonator frequencies, the most commonly used baud rates for asynchronous operation can be generated by using the UBRRn settings as listed in the table below.

UBRRn values which yield an actual baud rate differing less than 0.5% from the target baud rate, are bold in the table. Higher error ratings are acceptable, but the Receiver will have less noise resistance when the error ratings are high, especially for large serial frames (see also section Asynchronous Operational Range). The error values are calculated using the following equation:

E r r o r [%] = {(\frac{{B a u d R a t e}_{C l o s e s t M a t c h}}{B a u d R a t e} - 1)}^{2} 100 %

Table 15-6. Examples of UBRRn Settings for Commonly Used Oscillator Frequencies
Baud Rate [bps]	f_osc = 1.0000MHz				f_osc = 1.8432MHz				f_osc = 2.0000MHz
	U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1
	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error
2400	25	0.2%	51	0.2%	47	0.0%	95	0.0%	51	0.2%	103	0.2%
4800	12	0.2%	25	0.2%	23	0.0%	47	0.0%	25	0.2%	51	0.2%
9600	6	-7.0%	12	0.2%	11	0.0%	23	0.0%	12	0.2%	25	0.2%
14.4k	3	8.5%	8	-3.5%	7	0.0%	15	0.0%	8	-3.5%	16	2.1%
19.2k	2	8.5%	6	-7.0%	5	0.0%	11	0.0%	6	-7.0%	12	0.2%
28.8k	1	8.5%	3	8.5%	3	0.0%	7	0.0%	3	8.5%	8	-3.5%
38.4k	1	-18.6%	2	8.5%	2	0.0%	5	0.0%	2	8.5%	6	-7.0%
57.6k	0	8.5%	1	8.5%	1	0.0%	3	0.0%	1	8.5%	3	8.5%
76.8k	–	–	1	-18.6%	1	-25.0%	2	0.0%	1	-18.6%	2	8.5%
115.2k	–	–	0	8.5%	0	0.0%	1	0.0%	0	8.5%	1	8.5%
230.4k	–	–	–	–	–	–	0	0.0%	–	–	–	–
250k	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0	0.0%
Max.(1)	62.5kbps		125kbps		115.2kbps		230.4kbps		125kbps		250kbps

Note: 1. UBRRn = 0, Error = 0.0%

Table 15-7. Examples of UBRRn Settings for Commonly Used Oscillator Frequencies
Baud Rate [bps]	f_osc = 3.6864MHz				f_osc = 4.0000MHz				f_osc = 7.3728MHz
	U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1
	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error
2400	95	0.0%	191	0.0%	103	0.2%	207	0.2%	191	0.0%	383	0.0%
4800	47	0.0%	95	0.0%	51	0.2%	103	0.2%	95	0.0%	191	0.0%
9600	23	0.0%	47	0.0%	25	0.2%	51	0.2%	47	0.0%	95	0.0%
14.4k	15	0.0%	31	0.0%	16	2.1%	34	-0.8%	31	0.0%	63	0.0%
19.2k	11	0.0%	23	0.0%	12	0.2%	25	0.2%	23	0.0%	47	0.0%
28.8k	7	0.0%	15	0.0%	8	-3.5%	16	2.1%	15	0.0%	31	0.0%
38.4k	5	0.0%	11	0.0%	6	-7.0%	12	0.2%	11	0.0%	23	0.0%
57.6k	3	0.0%	7	0.0%	3	8.5%	8	-3.5%	7	0.0%	15	0.0%
76.8k	2	0.0%	5	0.0%	2	8.5%	6	-7.0%	5	0.0%	11	0.0%
115.2k	1	0.0%	3	0.0%	1	8.5%	3	8.5%	3	0.0%	7	0.0%
230.4k	0	0.0%	1	0.0%	0	8.5%	1	8.5%	1	0.0%	3	0.0%
250k	0	-7.8%	1	-7.8%	0	0.0%	1	0.0%	1	-7.8%	3	-7.8%
0.5M	–	–	0	-7.8%	–	–	0	0.0%	0	-7.8%	1	-7.8%
1M	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	0	-7.8%
Max.(1)	230.4kbps		460.8kbps		250kbps		0.5Mbps		460.8kbps		921.6kbps
(1) UBRRn = 0, Error = 0.0%

Table 15-8. Examples of UBRRn Settings for Commonly Used Oscillator Frequencies
Baud Rate [bps]	f_osc = 8.0000MHz				f_osc = 11.0592MHz				f_osc = 14.7456MHz
	U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1
	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error
2400	207	0.2%	416	-0.1%	287	0.0%	575	0.0%	383	0.0%	767	0.0%
4800	103	0.2%	207	0.2%	143	0.0%	287	0.0%	191	0.0%	383	0.0%
9600	51	0.2%	103	0.2%	71	0.0%	143	0.0%	95	0.0%	191	0.0%
14.4k	34	-0.8%	68	0.6%	47	0.0%	95	0.0%	63	0.0%	127	0.0%
19.2k	25	0.2%	51	0.2%	35	0.0%	71	0.0%	47	0.0%	95	0.0%
28.8k	16	2.1%	34	-0.8%	23	0.0%	47	0.0%	31	0.0%	63	0.0%
38.4k	12	0.2%	25	0.2%	17	0.0%	35	0.0%	23	0.0%	47	0.0%
57.6k	8	-3.5%	16	2.1%	11	0.0%	23	0.0%	15	0.0%	31	0.0%
76.8k	6	-7.0%	12	0.2%	8	0.0%	17	0.0%	11	0.0%	23	0.0%
115.2k	3	8.5%	8	-3.5%	5	0.0%	11	0.0%	7	0.0%	15	0.0%
230.4k	1	8.5%	3	8.5%	2	0.0%	5	0.0%	3	0.0%	7	0.0%
250k	1	0.0%	3	0.0%	2	-7.8%	5	-7.8%	3	-7.8%	6	5.3%
0.5M	0	0.0%	1	0.0%	–	–	2	-7.8%	1	-7.8%	3	-7.8%
1M	–	–	0	0.0%	–	–	–	–	0	-7.8%	1	-7.8%
Max.(1)	0.5Mbps		1Mbps		691.2kbps		1.3824Mbps		921.6kbps		1.8432Mbps
(1) UBRRn = 0, Error = 0.0%

Table 15-9. Examples of UBRRn Settings for Commonly Used Oscillator Frequencies
Baud Rate [bps]	f_osc = 16.0000MHz				f_osc = 18.4320MHz				f_osc = 20.0000MHz
	U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1		U2X0 = 0		U2X0 = 1
	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error	UBRRn	Error
2400	416	-0.1%	832	0.0%	479	0.0%	959	0.0%	520	0.0%	1041	0.0%
4800	207	0.2%	416	-0.1%	239	0.0%	479	0.0%	259	0.2%	520	0.0%
9600	103	0.2%	207	0.2%	119	0.0%	239	0.0%	129	0.2%	259	0.2%
14.4k	68	0.6%	138	-0.1%	79	0.0%	159	0.0%	86	-0.2%	173	-0.2%
19.2k	51	0.2%	103	0.2%	59	0.0%	119	0.0%	64	0.2%	129	0.2%
28.8k	34	-0.8%	68	0.6%	39	0.0%	79	0.0%	42	0.9%	86	-0.2%
38.4k	25	0.2%	51	0.2%	29	0.0%	59	0.0%	32	-1.4%	64	0.2%
57.6k	16	2.1%	34	-0.8%	19	0.0%	39	0.0%	21	-1.4%	42	0.9%
76.8k	12	0.2%	25	0.2%	14	0.0%	29	0.0%	15	1.7%	32	-1.4%
115.2k	8	-3.5%	16	2.1%	9	0.0%	19	0.0%	10	-1.4%	21	-1.4%
230.4k	3	8.5%	8	-3.5%	4	0.0%	9	0.0%	4	8.5%	10	-1.4%
250k	3	0.0%	7	0.0%	4	-7.8%	8	2.4%	4	0.0%	9	0.0%
0.5M	1	0.0%	3	0.0%	–	–	4	-7.8%	–	–	4	0.0%
1M	0	0.0%	1	0.0%	–	–	–	–	–	–	–	–
Max.(1)	1Mbps		2Mbps		1.152Mbps		2.304Mbps		1.25Mbps		2.5Mbps
(1) UBRRn = 0, Error = 0.0%

8-bit AVR Microcontroller

15.11 Examples of Baud Rate Setting