18.7.1 Normal Mode

The simplest mode of operation is the Normal mode (WGM0[2:0] = 0x0). In this mode, the counting direction is always up (incrementing), and no counter clear is performed. The counter simply overruns when it passes its maximum 8-bit value (TOP=0xFF) and then restarts from the bottom (0x00). In Normal mode operation, the Timer/Counter Overflow flag (TOV0) will be set in the same clock cycle in which the TCNT0 becomes zero. In this case, the TOV0 flag behaves like a ninth bit, except that it is only set, not cleared. However, combined with the timer overflow interrupt that automatically clears the TOV0 flag, the timer resolution can be increased by software. There are no special cases to consider in the Normal mode, a new counter value can be written any time.

The output compare unit can be used to generate interrupts at some given time. Using the output compare to generate waveforms in Normal mode is not recommended since this will occupy too much of the CPU time.